Answer to Question #150098 in General Chemistry for hassan123

Question

what are the types of drugs acting on DNA. Describe the general mechanism of action of chain terminators

Answer 1

Types of drugs acting on DNA

Adriamycin or doxorubicin

Mitomycin is activated in liver cells and adds an alkyl group to bases, causing DNA to cross-link, which kills the cancer cells.

Another alkylating agent is Ifosfamide, which is used to treat testicular cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, cervical cancer, bone cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and ovarian cancer. Carboplatin (Paraplatin) is a chemotherapeutic agent for treating cancer. Bleomycin (Blenoxane) is a member of a family of glycopeptide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces verticillus. It damages deoxyribose in DNA, causing the strand to break. It is used to treat testicular cancer, along with head and neck cancer. 

In chain growth polymerization, two growing chains can collide head to head causing the growth of both of the chains to stop. In the case of radical or anionic polymerization , chain transfer can occur where the radical at the end of the growing chain can be transferred from the chain to an individual monomer unit causing a new chain to start growing and the previous chain to stop growing. With step-growth polymerization , the reaction can be terminated by adding a monofunctional species containing the same functionality as one or more of the types of monomer used in the reaction.