Answer to Question #104758 in General Chemistry for Summer Adkins

Question #104758
A mixture of ammonium chloride, salt and sand is heated until white smoke is no longer produced. The mixture weighed 3.15 g before heating, and weighed 2.78 g after heating. What is the mass percent of the ammonium chloride in the mixture?
1
Expert's answer
2020-03-09T09:43:35-0400

The ammonium chloride is a compound with a low thermal stability. Upon heating ammonium chloride decomposes according to the equation:

NH4ClNH3+HCl;NH_4Cl \to NH_3 + HCl;

Both compounds are gases, which form white smoke upon reaction in the gaseous state. Also there are no residue left after thermal decomposition of the ammonium chloride, so we can determine mass of the ammonium chloride:

m(NH4Cl)=mstartingmending=3.15g2.78g=0.37gm(NH_4Cl) = m_{starting} - m_{ending}=3.15g - 2.78g = 0.37g

Salt and sand does not decompose at the temperature of decomposition of ammonium chloride, so the mass percent of the ammonium chloride is:

ω(NH4Cl)=0.37g3.15g=0.1175=11.75\omega (NH_4Cl) = \frac {0.37g} {3.15g} = 0.1175= 11.75


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