Zoology Answers

Provide a complete summary of the process responsible for the formation of the fertilisation membrane of the Echinodermata (10)marks

Why its important to study genetics and the development process of living organisms (10)

What adaptations of reptiles made successful colonization of land possible

importances of mass extinction over time with emphasis permian Triassic extinction. Six points

ii.Explain how an increase in some Insect species populations could lead to the spread of diseases.

State evidence why Archaeopteryx was considered as an evolutionary link between Reptiles and Birds.  

1.     Coral reefs are considered one of the most diverse ecosystems on earth. The coral skeletons provide habitat and protection to a variety of marine animals. Marine animals are not only associated with the reef but also with other animals living in coral reefs. This relationship further increases the complexity of the reef system, making it more resilient.

In your essay;

i. Discuss any three (3) mutualistic relationships which exist between marine animals in a coral reef ecosystem.

ii. Corals belong to phylum Cnidarians which exhibit Polymorphism. Discuss Polymorphism in Cnidarians.

iii. Discuss three (3) types of reef-building corals.

Explain what coral bleaching is and what causes it

1. From very simple animals like sponges to very complex animals like Vertebrates, the phylogeny tree shows the more characteristics /features an animal has, the more complex it becomes.

In your essay, use examples to explain the significance of the following features in the evolution of the Animal Kingdom.

i. Development of a coelom

ii. Bilateral symmetry and cephalization

iii. Segmentation 

1.     Chordates are the most advanced Phylum in the Animal Kingdom, including all vertebrates, animals with backbones, and several invertebrates. They possess a bilaterally symmetrical body and are deuterostomes.

 In your essay;

i.          Discuss five (5) distinguishing characteristics of Chordates.

ii.        Differentiate between Urochordates and Cephalochordates.

iii.      Briefly discuss the phylogeny of Vertebrates.

1:explain the concepts of mass extinctions and causes of mammals extinctions.

2:what are the importance of mass extinctions over time with emphasis to Permian Triassic extinction.