Answer to Question #127679 in Zoology for Waleed Khan

Question

Why Cerbrum is larger in mammals as compared to other vertebrates?
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Answer 1

The human brain anatomy can be interpreted in terms of two schemes which include medical and embryonic. Considering the medical scheme, the cerebrum holds the largest part of the brain consisting of right and left cerebral hemispheres. It is located within the oranium bone and its internal structure is comprised of white and grey matter tissues.

Humans fall in mammals class because of the common distinctive characteristics. “The brain of vertebrates is divided into hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain which is common in terrestrial vertebrates. The forebrain of mammals is divided into telencephalon (cerebrum) and diencephalon. Telencephalon” is a term used to describe cerebrum in mammals while in other vertebrates, it refers to the structure of the embryo from which the development of the mature cerebrum takes place. These divisions are found both in mammals and in most vertebrates, however, some vertebrates such as lampreys and hagfishes lack cerebrum.

Mammals have the best developed and largest cerebrum among all other vertebrates. Lower vertebrates such as birds and fish have a smooth surface of the cerebral hemispheres hence smooth brain, while mammals have circumvolutions and grooves that make the brain have a surface full of waves. This fact means that mammals have a brain with turns and curves giving them an advantage of holding a larger surface area than when it may be having smooth hemispheres as in the case of other vertebrates. The cerebral cortex has gray matter lying on neurons and the wavier the brain is, the larger number of neurons and cortex, thus improved and efficient. This is the reason why cerebrum in mammals is larger than in other vertebrates.

Reference

Luisetto, M. (2019). undefined. American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research, 5(5), 420-433. https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2019.05.000960