Molecular Biology Answers

We know that DNA polymerase III requires free 3′-OH groups for initiating replication. Would pol-I require free 3′-OH groups when filling in the gaps between Okazaki fragments? If yes, how are free 3′-OH groups provided since primers are removed prior to synthesis

A terminator acts as a termination signal in the process of transcription, whereas termination of translation is brought about by a stop codon. How the terminator and stop codon differ from each other with regards to ending the process in which they are involved? Give an answer comprising at most 2 sentences.

A terminator acts as a termination signal in the process of transcription, whereas termination of translation is brought about by a stop codon. How the terminator and stop codon differ from each other with regards to ending the process in which they are involved? 

Is it possible for an organism to produce normal protein even after mutation? If yes, how and why

Only one strand of the double helix is used as template for transcription. How would the transcription machinery recognize the template strand for transcription of a particular gene? Is it necessary that this strand will be used as template for transcription of all genes of that particular organism?

Suppose we have a genomic DNA of 1000 kb. It gives two products: 1000 kb product and 200 kb product. What can you infer about the nucleic acid nature of each product? Which process will give the 1000 kb product and which will generate the 200 kb product

We know that DNA polymerase III requires free 3′-OH groups for initiating replication. Would pol-I require free 3′-OH groups when filling in the gaps between Okazaki fragments? If yes, how are free 3′-OH groups provided since primers are removed prior to synthesis

What information is evident about the origin of replication for an organism having 400 replicons

5. Familial breast cancer and ovarian cancer (BC) are diagnosed in almost every 10th woman in Europe. Approximately 5-10% of breast cancer is hereditary. Mapped and identified two genes - oncosuppressor –BRCA –1 and BRCA – 2, mutations in which are the cause of familial breast cancer and ovaries. In which human chromosome are the BRCA – 1 and BRCA – 2 genes localized?

    - Complete the quest with:

·               · Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)

·        Human Genome Mutation Database (HGMD)

. Phenylketonuria is one of the most common autosomal recessive diseases caused by a hereditary defect in the PAH gene, which controls the synthesis of the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. The incidence of diseases in Kazakhstan ranges from 1 in 6,000 to 10,000 newborns. The most common type of mutation is single nucleotide substitutions (missense, nonsense, and splice site mutations). The major mutation in PKU is R408W. Determine the location of the PAH gene and the R408W gene mutation in the human chromosome.

  - Complete the quest with:

• Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)
• Human Genome Mutation Database (HGMD)