Answer to Question #147588 in Molecular Biology for Cameron

Question

Post-synaptic transmission the enzyme Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is produced to break-down acetylcholine. The enzyme AChE can be neutralised by the enzyme inhibitor AChEI, what is the concentration of AChEI in the synapse to neutralise all AChE enzyme? Does this differentiate between species?

Answer 1

Acetylcholinesterase is implicated in the cessation of impulse delivery through accelerated hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in various cholinergic channels in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Inactivation of the enzyme, caused by multiple antagonists, contributes to accumulation of acetylcholine, hyperstimulation of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, and impaired neurotransmission. As a result, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors that interfere with the enzyme as their primary target are used as relevant drugs and toxins.

The actual concentration of inhibitors (such as AChEI) is difficult to determine. However, it is known that even small amounts of AChEI can have adverse effects.

Some natural/synthetic compounds imitate neurotransmitters, while others suppress neurotransmitter function.

• transmissions to cholinergic synapses can be inhibited in insects/plants by binding of neonicotinoid pesticides to acetylcholine receptors
• Process:-neonicotinoid binds to CNS cholinergic receptors, leading to overstimulation and blockage of receptors; results in paralysis/death.