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1a – Virus entry via endosomes (topic)
• 4 – Translation of viral structural proteins and transport into the endoplasmic
reticulum (topic)
outline/describe the following:
1) The intracellular pathway
(e.g. for topic 1a – endocytosis, e.g. for topic 4 – synthesis of and transport of viral
proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum)
2) The importance of this pathway for the cell
3) The importance of this pathway for virus generation
4) How this pathway would be suitable to develop drugs which would inhibit the virus
from replicating.
Describe and explain clearly how the cell transports the following substances across the membrane :
i) water
ii) sodium and potassium ions
iii) glucose
iv) enzymes to be used by other cells in the body
explain the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis and provide an example of a molecule (remembering to state its function) that is transferred using this method.
-How much of the original solution do you need to add?
- Is this practical given the minimum volume you can accurately pipette is 1µl? Draw up a dilution scheme using 1ml tubes that is.
- Your PCR reaction volume is 25µl and we want to keep the template 10% or below the total volume.
What is the biological significance of cell membranes in cells?
During a triathlon, many individuals reach a point in which their muscles are in oxygen debt, a state characterized by low oxygen available for cellular respiration. Describe how the human body responds to this in order to gain energy? What are the implications?
