Question

Differentiate between : -

(1) smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum .

(2) Local chernical mediators and neurotransmitters.

(3) Glycogen and starch.

(4) Electrophoresis and chromatography.

(5) Active and passive transport .

Answer 1

a. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is without ribosomes and hence helps in the synthesis of various lipid molecules.Whereas rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes and hence help in protein synthesis.

b. A chemical mediator is a chemical messenger that acts locally whereas neurotransmitters  is a type of chemical messenger which transmits signals across a chemical synapse, such as a neuromuscular junction, from one neuron (nerve cell) to another "target" neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.

c. Glycogen is a storage carbohydrate used in animals and starch is a storage carbohydrate used in plants.tarch is present in two forms- Amylose- which is linear chain of glucose and Amylopectin is a branched chain polymer of glucose.

d. Electrophoresis uses charge for the separation and chromatography consists of a stationary and a mobile phase.

e. Active Transport moves ions from low concentration to high, using metabolic energy in the form of ATP whereas passive transport does not use energy for the transport.