The three phases of the Calvin cycle are:
- The fixation stage - this stage is where the carbon in atmospheric carbon dioxide is added to ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) by the enzyme Rubisco, forming 3-phosphoglyceric acid.
- The reduction stage - this stage is where RuBP is reduced into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) with the use of NADPH generated from the light reactions of photosynthesis.
- The regeneration stage - this stage is where RuBP is regenerated from G3P molecules through the hydrolysis of ATP molecules
The most important stage is the fixation stage because they eliminate the atmospheric carbon dioxide for the process of carbon fixation.
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