Answer to Question #170146 in Cell Biology for Emma

Question

You would describe the cells from which insulin is secreted and state the overall role of insulin in the body. In signalling pathways, each signal molecule has a receptor that it binds to, so you would indicate what the receptor for insulin is called and what immediate outcome the binding of insulin has to that receptor i.e. in the case of insulin, which regulates glucose uptake in the body, does the receptor directly interact with glucose or is it just part of a much larger signalling cascade.

Answer 1

Insulin is produced by the β-cells of the pancreas in response to elevated blood glucose.The overall role of insulin is hormonal regulation of the energy metabolism. The insulin receptor (IR) is a trans-membrane receptor that belongs to the large class of receptor tyrosine kinase.When insulin binds to the cell's receptor, it leads to negative feedback by limiting or stopping other actions within the cell. It inhibits the release and production of glucose from the cells which is an important part in reducing the glucose blood level.The receptor for insulin is a large protein that binds to insulin and passes its message into the cell.