Answer to Question #101275 in Cell Biology for Abhishek

Question

Differentiate between the following pairs:

(a) Procaryotes and Eucaryotes

(b) Mitochondria and Chloroplast

(c) Animal and Plant cells

(d) Fluorescence microscopy and Phase contrast microscopy

Answer 1

(a)

Eukaryotes are nuclear cells, prokaryotes do not contain a nucleus, all genetic information is stored in a nucleoid

(b)

Mitochondria is an energy station in animal, plant, and fungal cells that synthesizes ATP and also stores genetic information. Chloroplast is an organelle characteristic of plant cells in which photosynthesis is realized - an autotrophic type of nutrition, but, in certain cases, ATP is also synthesized and hereditary information is realized.

(с)

The fundamental difference lies in the presence of plastids in rasetetnyh cells, which is not typical for animals. Also, plant cells contain cellulose (building carbohydrate), are able to accumulate starch, and animal cells contain glycogen, which forms the supracranial glycocalyx complex.

(d)

Phase contrast microscopy is carried out with an optical microscope and is based on the phase shift of an electromagnetic wave, which then transforms into intensity contrast. Fluorescence (luminescent) microscopy is based on the ability of certain substances to luminesce, i.e., to glow when illuminated by invisible ultraviolet or blue light.