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Biochemistry
1. Measurement of lower leg length and height
In this part of the exercise you will measure your lower leg length and body height.
To measure lower leg length kneel on a chair with the thigh vertical and the back of the calf at a 90 degree angle to the thigh. Have someone at home place a meter stick or tape along the outside (lateral) edge of the back of your calf. You should feel the tendon of the biceps femoris muscle behind and on the lateral side of the knee. Make sure that the meter stick is just at the edge of the tendon and record the distance in centimeters (cm) from this tendon to the bottom of the heel.
To measure height take off your shoes and stand completely upright against a wall. Have someone at home place a ruler on top of your head, at right angle, and make a light mark on the wall representing the top of the head – measure this distance in centimeters (cm) and convert it to meters (m).
When finished share your measurements for leg length (cm) and height (m) with the rest of the class.
In this part of the exercise you will measure your lower leg length and body height.
To measure lower leg length kneel on a chair with the thigh vertical and the back of the calf at a 90 degree angle to the thigh. Have someone at home place a meter stick or tape along the outside (lateral) edge of the back of your calf. You should feel the tendon of the biceps femoris muscle behind and on the lateral side of the knee. Make sure that the meter stick is just at the edge of the tendon and record the distance in centimeters (cm) from this tendon to the bottom of the heel.
To measure height take off your shoes and stand completely upright against a wall. Have someone at home place a ruler on top of your head, at right angle, and make a light mark on the wall representing the top of the head – measure this distance in centimeters (cm) and convert it to meters (m).
When finished share your measurements for leg length (cm) and height (m) with the rest of the class.
Biochemistry
Length = ____ cm
width = _____ cm
depth (height) = _____ cm
The volume (or space) occupied by the wooden block can be expressed in cubic centimeters (cc or cm3 ) by multiplying L x W x H. Use your measurements to calculate this for the wooden block: __________ For the purposes of this activity, understand that 1 cm3 = 1 mL, so the wooden block has a volume of ________ mL.
2. In the biology laboratory, liquid volume is usually measured in milliliters, using an appropriately sized graduated cylinder. The measurement marks etched on the side are
called “graduations”. When liquid is poured in, the top of the liquid forms a slight curve, called a “meniscus” (see Fig). The volume of the liquid should be read at the graduation closest to the bottom of the meniscus. For accuracy, you should read this (1) on a flat lab surface; (2) at eye level (crouch down). How many milliliters of liquid is in the graduated cylinder in the picture below? ________
width = _____ cm
depth (height) = _____ cm
The volume (or space) occupied by the wooden block can be expressed in cubic centimeters (cc or cm3 ) by multiplying L x W x H. Use your measurements to calculate this for the wooden block: __________ For the purposes of this activity, understand that 1 cm3 = 1 mL, so the wooden block has a volume of ________ mL.
2. In the biology laboratory, liquid volume is usually measured in milliliters, using an appropriately sized graduated cylinder. The measurement marks etched on the side are
called “graduations”. When liquid is poured in, the top of the liquid forms a slight curve, called a “meniscus” (see Fig). The volume of the liquid should be read at the graduation closest to the bottom of the meniscus. For accuracy, you should read this (1) on a flat lab surface; (2) at eye level (crouch down). How many milliliters of liquid is in the graduated cylinder in the picture below? ________
Biochemistry
3. Refer to the graph illustrating a relationship between overall height and weight.
a. Is there a correlation between height and weight?
b. For every 2 cm change in height what is the approximate change in weight?
c. According to your graph predict the weight of the individuals with the following heights: (i) 185 cm; (ii) 140 cm
4. Which shows a higher degree of correlation, leg length and height or height and body weight? Explain your answer
5. If you were to do a new experiment examining the relationship between arm length and overall height, which of the two individuals below would you expect to be taller?
Individual A: arm length = 65 cm
Individual B: arm length = 0.85 m
a. Is there a correlation between height and weight?
b. For every 2 cm change in height what is the approximate change in weight?
c. According to your graph predict the weight of the individuals with the following heights: (i) 185 cm; (ii) 140 cm
4. Which shows a higher degree of correlation, leg length and height or height and body weight? Explain your answer
5. If you were to do a new experiment examining the relationship between arm length and overall height, which of the two individuals below would you expect to be taller?
Individual A: arm length = 65 cm
Individual B: arm length = 0.85 m
Biochemistry
Assignment
1. Conversions:
1.76 m = _________ cm
250 g = __________ kg
375 mm = __________ m
550 mg = _________ g
2. Refer to the graph illustrating the relationship between leg length and height.
a. Is there a correlation between leg length and height?
b. For every 5 cm change in leg length what is the approximate change in height?
c. According to your graph, predict how tall a person would be if his or her leg length was 0.37 m. How tall do you predict they would be if the individual had a leg length of 0.48 m?
1. Conversions:
1.76 m = _________ cm
250 g = __________ kg
375 mm = __________ m
550 mg = _________ g
2. Refer to the graph illustrating the relationship between leg length and height.
a. Is there a correlation between leg length and height?
b. For every 5 cm change in leg length what is the approximate change in height?
c. According to your graph, predict how tall a person would be if his or her leg length was 0.37 m. How tall do you predict they would be if the individual had a leg length of 0.48 m?
Biochemistry
For this Learning Journal, choose ONE of the areas mentioned above that you would like to learn more about and write two or three paragraphs describing the process and how it relates to metabolism within the cell.
Biochemistry
Substrate level phosphorylation is an exergonic or endergonic reaction?
Biochemistry
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary method invented by Kary Mullis in the 1980s which copies the target sequence defined by a pair of primers exponentially. Can exponential amplification of any random sequence of DNA be achieved in PCR with only single primer?
Hint: Refer the schematic in the diagram that represents randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker technology.
You can substantiate your answer with help of this diagram, if required.
Biochemistry
In aqueous solution, almost all D-glucose molecules are in the pyranose form. Other aldoses have a greater proportion of molecules in the open-chain form. D-Glucose may have evolved to be the predominant hexose because it is less likely than its isomers to react with and damage cellular proteins. Explain why D-glucose reacts less than other aldoses with the amino groups of proteins.
Biochemistry
In aqueous solution, almost all D-glucose molecules are in the pyranose form. Other aldoses have a greater proportion of molecules in the open-chain form. D-Glucose may have evolved to be the predominant hexose because it is less likely than its isomers to react with and damage cellular proteins. Explain why D-glucose reacts less than other aldoses with the amino groups of proteins.
Biochemistry
In a procedure for testing blood glucose, a drop of blood is placed on a paper strip impregnated with the enzyme glucose oxidase and all the reagents necessary for the reaction.
The H2O2 produced causes a color change on the paper that indicates how much glucose is present. Since glucose oxidase is specific for the beta anomer of glucose and doesn’t act on alpha anomer, in spite of this specificity, the reaction is used in a clinical assay for measuring total blood glucose which consists of a mixture of beta D glucose and alpha D glucose. Explain how this assay is effective in measuring total blood glucose
The H2O2 produced causes a color change on the paper that indicates how much glucose is present. Since glucose oxidase is specific for the beta anomer of glucose and doesn’t act on alpha anomer, in spite of this specificity, the reaction is used in a clinical assay for measuring total blood glucose which consists of a mixture of beta D glucose and alpha D glucose. Explain how this assay is effective in measuring total blood glucose
