Mendelian inheritance patterns involve genes that directly influence the outcome of an offspring’s traits and obey Mendel’s laws. Most genes in eukaryotic species follow a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. However, many genes do not. For instance, inheriting one allele can, at times, increasethe chance of inheriting another or can affect how and when a trait is expressed in an individual's phenotype. Likewise, there are degrees of dominance and recessiveness with some traits. Chloroplastsand mitochondria contain their own genetic material on which extranuclear inheritance is based. Epigenetic inheritance alters gene expression, but is not permanent over the course of many generations. The simple rules of Mendelian inheritance do not apply in these and other exceptions. They are said to have non-Mendelian inheritance patterns
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