First, let us prove that f is continuous. It is continuous at any 0<x≤1, as for any such point we can find a neighbourhood not containing zero, and thus x↦sin(π/x) is well-defined and continuous. For x=0 let us consider the limit limx→0xsin(π/x)=0, as ∣sin(π/x)∣≤1 and x→0. Therefore, f is continuous.
Now, let us prove that it is not of bounded variation. For this we will consider the following subdivisions:
x0=0,x1=n+1/21,x2=n−1/21,...,xn+1=1 (for example, for n=3 the subdivision is {0,72,52,32,1} )
For this subdivision the variation is given by :
Vn(f)=∑0≤i≤n∣f(xi+1)−f(xi)∣
For i=0 we have ∣f(x1)−f(x0)∣=n+1/21 and for 0<i<n we have
∣n−(i−1)+1/21⋅(−1)n−i+1−n−i+1/21⋅(−1)n−i∣
We remark that these expressions have opposite signs so we have
∣n−(i−1)+1/21⋅(−1)n−i+1−n−i+1/21⋅(−1)n−i∣=n−(i−1)+1/21+n−i+1/21
Which we can rewrite as n−i+1/21=2n−2i+12
And for i=n we have ∣f(xn+1)−f(xn)∣=32.
From all this we deduce that the total variation is of a form (as we counted each term in the sum two times : once for i and once for i+1) :
Vn(f)=2⋅∑1≤i≤n2n+3−2i2=4⋅∑0≤i≤n2i+11
We see that for n→∞ the variation behaves like the harmonic series, so it diverges, Vn(f)→∞ when n→∞. Therefore, it is not of bounded variation.
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