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Example 1: Define a function that takes an argument. Call the function. Identify what code is the argument and what code is the parameter.

Example 2: Call your function from Example 1 three times with different kinds of arguments: a value, a variable, and an expression. Identify which kind of argument is which. 

Example 3: Create a function with a local variable. Show what happens when you try to use that variable outside the function. Explain the results.

Example 4: Create a function that takes an argument. Give the function parameter a unique name. Show what happens when you try to use that parameter name outside the function. Explain the results.

Example 5: Show what happens when a variable defined outside a function has the same name as a local variable inside a function. Explain what happens to the value of each variable as the program runs.

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Your goal is to implement a generic “String” class using char array. Please also write down the test code to drive all functions of your class implementation

class String{

private: //think about private members

public: //give definitions of following functions

String(); -default constructor

String(char *str); -initializes string with constant cstring

String(const String &); -copy constructor

String(int x); -initialize string of pre-defined size

void setAt(int i, char c); -set character at index [x]

String substr(int pos, int len); -return substring of length len from ‘pos’

String substr(int pos); -return substring from given position to end

\void append(String str ); -append a String at end of string

void append(char *str ); -append a constant c string at end of string

char * tocstring(); -convert String to c-string

void display(); -display string

bool isEmpty(); -return true if string is empty

void copy(const String&); -copy one string to another

void copy(const char *); -copy cstring to String

};

Write a program to count and print even values between 0 and 20:

Sample Output

The Total even numbers between 0 and 20 exclusives is 10